HOW NGO WORKS IN INDIA?

Introduction  –

Today we will try to know about non-government organization. ie NGO in front of you. We will try to know what is an NGO in this and what is its purpose. We will see what is the history of the NGO and we will see how the NGO was created at the global level. It is said that there is one NGO on 400 Indians in India, yet in India we get to see major problems.
Major problems in India have changed a lot in the last 40 years, such as food, cloth and house, these problems have been prominent in which education, health and employment have been added to it in today’s date. About 30 lakh NGOs are registered in India, how much honesty, they work on the real problems, it is a matter of the amendment. We will also talk about the problems of making available the information of the NGO to the public.

The class for which this NGO works, they do not know at all what it is and how it works and most of the people who run the NGO do not know what are the major problems of the society. On this, the money received from foreign countries for these NGOs is not becoming a means of earning more than social work, such a question is raised. To control foreign aid, the government has recently brought a new bill in the Parliament in 2020, we will also write on it.

Top 5 NGO in India  –

1) Smile Foundation

This is a Delhi based organization which was established in 2002 and today it is doing its work in 25 states. This organization mainly works for the education and health of poor children and works on other important social problems.

2) Nanhi Kali

This organization was established in 1996 by Anand Mahindra and its main objective is to provide education, health and a good life to the poor destitute girls of India.

3) Give India Foundation –

The main objective of this organization is to provide financial assistance to NGOs working in India. It was established in 1999 and this organization provides financial assistance to NGOs working in India by raising money through foreign aid and through influential people of India.

4) Goonj

This organization was established in 1999 and it is an NGO established in Delhi, whose main objective is to help clothes in disaster and today this organization does its work in 23 states on important needs like education health.

5) Helpage India  –

This organization was established in 1978, whose main objective is to work in the society for the aged people, in which health, living space is available, winning such adult people also have social problems, this organization works on this.

What is Non-Governmental Organization? –

In a democracy, the constitutional system that works for the benefit of the society is called the government. NGO is a non-governmental organization that works on the problems of the society which the government cannot reach, in which we can see social issues. In which the problem of education of children, the problem of any disease, problems related to health, this NGO works on many such subjects.

• trust
• Society
• non profit organization

These organizations are run by the above three methods, in which many organizations are run by the government and the purpose of the government is fulfilled. In the private sector, such organizations are run at the individual level or by the organization. Some people run such organizations for social work by investing their own money, people run such organizations by collecting donations from people or from foreign funds.

Mainly in today’s era, we see using such private organizations to fulfill their plans. In India, most of the NGOs are seen by political parties or political persons. The resolution was passed through the UN Charter of the United Nations to promote it all over the world. After this, such organizations work all over the world, especially in developing countries and in poor countries, we find these organizations working.

History of NGO –

Although the model of the social organization that the NGO does is quite mythical, but in the true sense it was promoted as an NGO according to Article 71 of the Charter of the United Nations. There was no such precise explanation of NGO, but the organization which works in the social field without any benefit on humanity and other social problems, such organizations were called NGO.

Most of the use of NGOs was used by political parties and trade unions in the last century. We get to see more of the establishment of NGOs mainly in developed countries, who had established it to work on important problems in developing and poor countries. Ever since all the countries of the world were made independent after the Second World War, but not all these countries were able to run a democracy, at that time these NGOs have played a very important role.

Talking about India, we get to see these institutions from British India who have worked in the field of education, for the safety of women and children. These institutions have been run in India for serious diseases like leprosy. Such institutions are also used by the government to run its social schemes. Social work has been started by many political parties and by forming such NGOs by the government.

How does an NGO work?  –

1. NGO is mainly registered under three laws in which
2. Indian Trust Act 1882
3. Society Registration Act 1860
4. Companies Act 2013

• In the field of education, NGOs mainly work from British India, in which we know government aided educational institutions.
• Many NGOs are run in India for the purpose of protecting nature, which oppose the government or private projects that harm nature.
• There are many NGOs run in India is regarding health, which provide hospitals at low cost for the poor and working-income people.
• In Indian society, children and women are considered a weak component of the society, many NGOs work for them.
• Political parties and governments establish such organizations to fulfill their social objectives.
  A minimum of two persons is required to establish a trust and a minimum of seven members are required to establish a society.
• According to Section 8, any company can set up its NGO under the Companies Act, in which we see that Tata, Reliance, Infosys and many other companies establish these organizations through this medium.
• Big industrialists invest their own money to run the NGO, under the society, law, some organizations are run by taking money in the form of donations by the reputed organizations or people of the society.
• Many big organizations of developed countries provide money to NGOs of India for this.
• NGO These organizations work on religious, social and any specific social problem.
• All these institutions have to audit their organization every year with the corresponding officer so that this information can be made available to the society.

Foreign Contribution Regulatory Bill –

According to a report released by India’s intelligence organization, some NGOs use foreign money in opposition to the development of India. Under different rules by the government, the recognition of more than four thousand such organizations which do not follow the rules of the NGO government have been canceled or their accounts has been frozen. Some of the main issues of this bill

• Government officials cannot take foreign aid.
• For foreign assistance, a separate bank account has to be opened, which will have to be opened in the banks prescribed by the corresponding officer.
• A lock has been imposed on the administration expenditure of the NGO, which has been reduced from 50 percent to 20 percent.
• Right to restrict foreign aid funds
• Identity card required for registration
• Suspension period has been changed from 180 days to 360 days.

In order to overcome the loopholes in the law governing NGOs, a law to control foreign aid was brought in 2020, under which the main objective has been kept to determine the responsibility of the NGO and to make the rules of the registration process more strict. It has been seen that many NGOs are established to do corruption and to evade tax, the rules have been tightened to stop it, and it has been determined that the interest of the society should be the main objective.

This law was regulated by the UPA government in 2010, after which foreign aid to NGOs has increased significantly and before bringing the FCRA bill of 2020, the government has concluded that many NGOs for the purpose for which this foreign aid reaches That work is not used and is used for personal gain. Therefore, the need for strict rules has been felt by the government, which is seen in this bill.

How to start NGO  –

• set your objective
• Determine the Board of Directors for the NGO
  Set name for NGO
• Prepare MOA and AOA
• raise funds for an NGO
• Documents for NGO Establishment –
• Signatures of at least three members are required on each page of the MOA and AOA
• Documentary proof of the registered office in which copy of light bill / sale deed or water bill
  Address proof and copy of identity card of each member
• NOC of Owners on Stamp Paper of Rs.10
• President’s Affidavit on Stamp Paper of Rs.10
• List of all members of the society with signature
• At least eight members should be from different states

Critical Analysis of NGO  –

• At the social level, people who need an NGO do not know what it is, but those who do not need it, they know very well how to take advantage of it.
• NGO in India, it is seen like this for every 400 people, but its effect is not seen at all at the grassroots level.
• According to the report of IB, some NGOs use foreign funds to generate an increase in the development work of the government, due to which one percent loss is seen in the development of the country.
• NGO purpose is to solve different problems of the society, but many NGOs are created only to earn money.
• Many NGOs are created to create anti-social or to harm the society, so that one purpose of showing and one objective of real is run from it.
• Many NGOs form such organizations to evade tax and to make black money white.
• Political parties and influential people have so much influence on the formation of the NGO that the purpose for which it is being run is not seen.
• The government organization administering the NGO does not do its work in an efficient manner, such allegations are made, in which there is corruption to audit.
• For this, no work of NGO is seen in the society for education, health and employment.
• At the grassroots level, there is no information available about which NGO people should approach for their problems.
• The purpose of the NGO has not been fully achieved in India till date and after the policy of privatization we see it as completely ineffective.

What are the key features of NGO? –

• It was legally recognized after the Second World by the United Nations through UN Chartered and its importance was understood.
• There are mainly three ways NGOs are run in India, in which it is created through trust, society and non-profit organization.
• Through the United Nations, in the developing countries and in the poor countries of the world, the government was not able to run all the systems efficiently, so such institutions were promoted.
• The main objective of the NGO is to work on the major problems of the society and to help the government on the subjects which the government cannot reach.
• Through the trust, at least two people can use their property for the society and the institution can be registered under this law.
• Under the Societies Act, this NGO is established by at least seven persons, whose purpose is given in writing to the corresponding officer.
• Under Section 8 of the Companies Act, a non-profit company is established, whose main purpose is to work on social problems.
• The NGO has to submit its audit report to the corresponding officer, failing which the recognition of the organization is canceled.
• In order to control foreign aid in 2020, the Government of India has brought in the FCRA bill with the aim of regulating such funds.

Conclusion –

In this way we have seen what is the purpose of NGO and how such organizations are regulated in India. We do not get to see what is an NGO at the grassroots level and what is it useful for us, but one organization for every 400 people is like this in India. Very good work is done by some organizations but such organizations are very few. Most of the NGOs are established for the purpose of earning money.

Those who do not know the society of India at all or who have nothing to do with the society, we see such people mostly running NGOs. Big companies build these organizations to save their profits from tax, they do not want to fulfill any of their social obligations. From the information of the government, many NGOs in India are run through foreign funds to control the government or to form the desired government.

The issue of transparency of NGOs is very important, which political parties do not want to bring out intentionally, due to which this law has failed to reach complete information to the people. In a vast country like India, NGO can work very effectively if it is run honestly. That’s why so many NGOs are run in India, but its effect is not visible at all on the development of the society. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the government to implement it through effective means, which will also help in reducing their burden and we will be able to become self-reliant.

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